<div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:small">That's a good point about demonstrating good faith in licensing terms.</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:small"><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:small">I've had a further thought, after having learned from Paul about some of the country-specific options, that what we could really use in ezproxy is the ability not to block an entire country across the board, but perhaps for a given list of countries, require an additional step, and I'm thinking CAPTCHA here rather than personalized second authentication.</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:small"><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:small">In this situation at least, it's pretty clear that software is running through our proxy server, not a human being, so a CAPTCHA step might stop it. I know CAPTCHAs are engaged in an escalating war of technologies, and maybe the Sci-Hub hackers would know all of the tricks to beat them, but it might be worth trying. I don't think it would be a horrible thing to do to our researchers over in Russia, China, etc. to have to answer a CAPTCHA before establishing a proxy cookie - given all the press about international hacking, I'd think they'd understand the need for it quite well.</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:small"><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:small">So how does one go about getting OCLC to add new security features to Ezproxy?</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:small"><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:small">Melissa</div></div><div class="gmail_extra"><br><div class="gmail_quote">On Tue, Oct 4, 2016 at 4:10 PM, Robert Heaton <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:robert.heaton@usu.edu" target="_blank">robert.heaton@usu.edu</a>></span> wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
<div lang="EN-US" link="blue" vlink="purple">
<div class="m_4762467856667356734WordSection1">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1f497d">Thank you, Paul, for giving the great technical details.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1f497d"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1f497d">Melissa, we have not had this particular situation, but if I did, I would certainly include the what-you’re-doing-is-illegal messaging in my response to the users.
While the language is different in each case, a great many of our license agreements require at least a good-faith effort to stop activities that are in breach of the license terms once we have become aware of them. Since we don’t know which vendors’ content
they are accessing (then again, I suppose the proxy logs might clue you in), we may not be liable for not contacting the vendors when we learned of the breach. But I would hate for a vendor to think that I didn’t do my due diligence when the question originally
came to me.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1f497d"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1f497d">Robert Heaton<br>
Interim Head of Collection Development<br>
Utah State University Libraries<br>
<a href="mailto:robert.heaton@usu.edu" target="_blank">robert.heaton@usu.edu</a><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1f497d"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<div>
<div style="border:none;border-top:solid #e1e1e1 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in">
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> Eril-l [mailto:<a href="mailto:eril-l-bounces@lists.eril-l.org" target="_blank">eril-l-bounces@lists.<wbr>eril-l.org</a>]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Butler, Paul<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Monday, October 03, 2016 2:08 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> Melissa Belvadi <<a href="mailto:mbelvadi@upei.ca" target="_blank">mbelvadi@upei.ca</a>>; <a href="mailto:eril-l@lists.eril-l.org" target="_blank">eril-l@lists.eril-l.org</a><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [Eril-l] Sci-Hub users asking us to restore their access!<u></u><u></u></span></p>
</div>
</div><div><div class="h5">
<p class="MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New";color:black">Hi Melissa,
<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New";color:black"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New";color:black">I must say this is the first time I have heard users from Sci-Hub reaching out to a library to request access be restored. That is comical! <u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New";color:black"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New";color:black">A polite educational email seems reasonable, but likely won’t do much to dissuade them – they just want access to the content by any means.
<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New";color:black"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New";color:black">Some techniques that can be used to secure EZProxy, that depend on you and your institution’s ability/comfort to tweak EZProxy...<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New";color:black"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New";color:black">Tracking down and reporting the compromised user account to campus IT is the first step. While campus IT does their work I generally block the user account from EZProxy and terminate all
active sessions. <u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New";color:black"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New";color:black">I maintain a list of referrers that I block from EZProxy. If you haven’t done that I would suggest it as another useful step. You can find it here:
<a href="https://github.com/prbutler/EZProxy_IP_Blacklist/blob/master/EZProxy_IfReferer_Blacklist.txt" target="_blank">
https://github.com/prbutler/<wbr>EZProxy_IP_Blacklist/blob/<wbr>master/EZProxy_IfReferer_<wbr>Blacklist.txt</a><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New";color:black"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New";color:black">You can also block access by country, if you are seeing trends and know a legitimate user would not come from a specific country. This is a good temporary measure. ALL access from a specific
country can be blocked by adding the following to the top of config.txt. Country codes are the same as those in the audit logs.
<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New";color:black"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New";color:black">::Common<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New";color:black">IfCountry US; Stop<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New";color:black">IfCountry BR; Audit Blocking BR; Deny denied.htm<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New";color:black">IfCountry CN; Audit Blocking CN; Deny denied.htm<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New";color:black">IfCountry IR; Audit Blocking IR; Deny denied.htm<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New";color:black">/Common<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New";color:black"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New";color:black">Using Option BlockCountryChange can also help, see the documentation here:
<a href="https://www.oclc.org/support/services/ezproxy/documentation/cfg/option-blockcountrychange.en.html" target="_blank">
https://www.oclc.org/support/<wbr>services/ezproxy/<wbr>documentation/cfg/option-<wbr>blockcountrychange.en.html</a>
<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New";color:black"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New";color:black">Tweaking UsageLimit seems reasonable, it is always a balancing act, contact me off list if you would like to know what we use, or have any other questions.
<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New";color:black"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New";color:black">Finally, you can always block access by IP. I maintain the EZProxy IP Blacklist, which is a community supported effort to share IP addresses that have been used for fraudulent activity.
See here: <a href="https://github.com/prbutler/EZProxy_IP_Blacklist" target="_blank">https://github.com/prbutler/<wbr>EZProxy_IP_Blacklist</a>. And if you are willing to share the IP addresses used for the fraudulent activity please send them my way and I can add them to the blacklist.
<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New";color:black"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New";color:black">With all of this, be sure to check your messages.txt file after you restart EZProxy to make sure nothing has broken.
<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New";color:black"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-family:"Courier New";color:black">Caveat emptor!
<u></u><u></u></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New";color:black"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New";color:black">Cheers, Paul<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:black">------------------------------<wbr>-------------------<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:black">Paul R Butler, mlis<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:black">Library Technologies Support Analyst<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:black">Library Information Technology Services (L.I.T.S)<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:black"><a href="http://bsu.edu" target="_blank"><span style="color:#0563c1">Ball State University</span></a><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:black">Muncie, IN 47306<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:black;background:white">P: <a href="tel:765.285.8032" value="+17652858032" target="_blank">765.285.8032</a></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:black"><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:black">E:
<a href="mailto:prbutler@bsu.edu" target="_blank"><span style="color:#0563c1">prbutler@bsu.edu</span></a><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:black"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:black">University Libraries<i>...a destination for research, learning, and friends<u></u><u></u></i></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:black"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:black">The University Libraries provide services that support student pursuits for academic success and faculty endeavors for knowledge creation and classroom instruction.
<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New";color:black"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> Eril-l [<a href="mailto:eril-l-bounces@lists.eril-l.org" target="_blank">mailto:eril-l-bounces@lists.<wbr>eril-l.org</a>]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Melissa Belvadi<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Monday, October 03, 2016 12:41 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> <a href="mailto:eril-l@lists.eril-l.org" target="_blank">eril-l@lists.eril-l.org</a><br>
<b>Subject:</b> [Eril-l] Sci-Hub users asking us to restore their access!<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></p>
<div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">We've recently gotten a spate of emails sent to our ezproxy admin address from various users around the world, all basically complaining that we've somehow blocked their use of Sci-Hub (!) and
asking us to restore their access. One of them even sent a screenshot so we know what they're seeing is the "deny.htm" file in ezproxy. <u></u><u></u></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">They are all very polite and seem to think they are entitled to access, as if they have no idea what they are doing is illegal, or that the address they are writing to is for an institution that
is unwittingly involved as a result of being hacked.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Here's an example of one such email (leaving off the signature part - they are all very open as to who they are):<u></u><u></u></span></p>
</div>
<blockquote style="margin-left:30.0pt;margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
<div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">I’m a French OT student, actually doing litterature researches for my studies. I’m using scihub to get some articles that I need to reed for that work. Today my access has been blocked.</span><u></u><u></u></p>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></p>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">I would be very grateful to you if you could open my access.</span><u></u><u></u></p>
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">And another:<u></u><u></u></span></p>
</div>
<blockquote style="margin-left:30.0pt;margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
<div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">My access to sci-hub has been temporarily denied, due to excessive downloads. I am sorry but I am actually writing my thesis and need to read that many articles. </span><u></u><u></u></p>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></p>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">I would be really grateful if you could give my access back. I cannot afford paying for all those articles online. My thesis is due for early November. You guys are my only option.</span><u></u><u></u></p>
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
<div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></p>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">We've been able to use our ezproxy logs to trace back the most recent activity to a particular student's compromised account, and dealt with that one that we could find.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">If I understand what's happening, Sci-Hub has collected a huge number of compromised usernames/passwords from many institutions and tries them (right through our proxy server) when the article
someone requests from them is not already in their archive. If so, it's probably rare that this illegal use will even trigger an "excessive use" denial and consequently any chance of us even knowing this is going on.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Has anyone else gotten emails like this? <u></u><u></u></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">If so:<u></u><u></u></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">How do you handle it, aside from trying to find the breached account? Do you try to explain to the "user" that what they're doing is illegal?<u></u><u></u></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Are you further lowering your max downloads for major publisher sites to try to stop it?<u></u><u></u></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal">-- <u></u><u></u></p>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">Melissa Belvadi<u></u><u></u></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">Collections Librarian<u></u><u></u></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">University of Prince Edward Island<u></u><u></u></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="mailto:mbelvadi@upei.ca" target="_blank">mbelvadi@upei.ca</a> <a href="tel:902-566-0581" value="+19025660581" target="_blank">902-566-0581</a><u></u><u></u></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div></div></div>
</div>
</blockquote></div><br><br clear="all"><div><br></div>-- <br><div class="gmail_signature" data-smartmail="gmail_signature"><div dir="ltr"><div>Melissa Belvadi</div><div>Collections Librarian</div><div>University of Prince Edward Island</div><div><a href="mailto:mbelvadi@upei.ca" target="_blank">mbelvadi@upei.ca</a> 902-566-0581</div><div><br></div><div><br></div></div></div>
</div>